Vaccination England

Typhoid: Typhoid fever is a systemic infection caused by the Gram-negative bacillus Salmonella typhi. It is spread by the faecal-oral route and is therefore associated with poor sanitation and personal hygiene: Over 200 cases are notified in Britain each year. Most of these are contracted from people visiting friends and relatives (VFRs) in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Typhoid is endemic to areas of poor sanitation, eg Africa, Asia, Central and Southern America and the Caribbean. Avoiding contaminated water can help in preventing infection, but vaccination is recommended. The incubation period is 1-3 weeks. Around 10% of people infected can excrete the bacteria for up to three months. Nearly half become permanent carriers.[1]

Yellow Fever: Yellow fever is a serious viral disease thats usually spread by a type of mosquito known as the Aedes aegypti mosquito. It can be prevented with a vaccination (see below). Yellow fever is a type of virus known as a flavivirus. The virus is transmitted through mosquito bites. It can be spread from one host to another, usually between monkeys, or from monkeys to humans, or from person to person. The mosquitoes live and breed in jungle and urban areas. See Yellow fever - causes for more information about how yellow fever is transmitted. Theres a vaccination for yellow fever. Some countries require a proof of vaccination (certificate) against yellow fever before they let you enter the country. You should have a yellow fever vaccination at least 10 days before your travel. This will allow enough time for your body to develop protection against the yellow fever infection.